Wednesday 22 March 2017

HORN GOD'S PLASTIC

Given all the contention currently to do with 'plastic' none of it really sticks to the material that in so many ways it emulates.  A horn is a permanent pointed projection on the head of various animals consisting of a covering of ’hard hair like material’ keratin – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keratin –  and other proteins surrounding a core of live bone. Horns are distinct to antlers which are not permanent. In mammals, true horns are found mainly among the ruminant – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruminant 

As a substance is harder and heavier than wood, but lighter and more elastic than bone. Horn has a tear length of about 31 km. Its compressive strength is up to 30  kN (3 tons) per square meter. It is under pressure up to 3% elastic. That is it is reversibly compressible. Horn is more resistant to pressure than on pull, it is overstrained by bending, so it breaks on the pull side. It is not combustible, insoluble in water and weak alkalis / acids, but in strong alkalis / acids. The pigment-free  horn can be transparent  animals, human fingernails. 

Prior to the invention of the plastics, horn was the substance that was often used like platic is currently. Today it is mainly used for the manufacture of buttons, combs, spoons, knives and jewellery such as carvings, although it has often been imitated and almost replaced by cheaper plastic. However, due to its properties – elasticity, compressive strength, resistance to environmental influences etc. – it is a material of higher quality than plastic. In the case of combs, for example, the press seams, which are present in plastic and which can damage the keratin of the hair, are missing. It is also suitable as a material for sheets because of its reversible deformability.  

Then there is also the Shofar of Horn, which is blown at the worship on the Jewish New Year's Day Rosh ha- Shana and the Feast of Reconciliation Yom Kippur. Likewise the horn  goes back to the cattle horns of early days. 

Other objects made of horn: shoe horns,  the horn book – https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbuch – the composite bow, the corset, waterproof vessels, the powder horn, spectacle frames and many more uses. 

Horn shavings and horn flour are a valuable nitrogen fertiliser.


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